Effectiveness, experience, and usability of low-technology augmentative and alternative communication in intensive care: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are commonly on mechanical ventilation, either through endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy, which usually leaves them nonverbal. Low-technology augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies are simple and effective ways to enhance communication between patients and their communication partners but are underutilised. AIM: The aim of this study was to systematically review current evidence regarding the effectiveness, experience of use, and usability of low-technology AAC with nonverbal patients and their communication partners in the ICU.