Cultural Barriers and Obstruction to Free Surgical Care in West Africa

Abstract

Introduction: The treatment of facial deformities is heavily influenced by the socio-cultural beliefs of the area, creating substantial barriers to care. Many West African communities attribute facial deformities to malevolent spirits or curses, leading to the stigmatisation and social isolation of those affected. This creates an environment where these individuals are often neglected and concealed within their community. The shame that patients are subjected to further prevents them from seeking medical intervention. Even in cultures that don't display such negative perceptions towards deformities, such as the Hausa/Fulani tribe influenced by Islamic fatalism, medical intervention is still not sought after. Whilst deformities are accepted, patients are urged to consult traditional healers until their condition deteriorates. Only presenting to facilities at this point means patients miss vital opportunities to better their prognosis. Cultural Barriers to Free Healthcare: The interplay between cultural frameworks and modern medicine obstructs care, prolonging the suffering of patients with facial deformities. With the lack of communal support, patients are unable to seek help and instead resign themselves to a life of invisibility. Addressing the barriers to free surgery in low-income countries requires culturally sensitive interventions that both respect traditional beliefs whilst promoting care. Mercy Ships and Barriers to Free Surgery: Mercy Ships has offered free surgical care for over 40 years in West Africa. Learning from the impact of cultural barriers on patients, Mercy Ships has incorporated local healthcare workers and volunteers in patient care to break down cultural barriers, enabling access to life-transforming surgery on board hospital ships.Copyright © 2025